- Goodwin's theory
- Barthes theory
- Mulvey's theory
Goodwin's theory
key features
- A relationship between lyrics and visuals. The lyrics are represented with images which are either illustrative, amplifying or contradicting
- Music videos demonstrate characteristics (R&B, indie etc.)
- The record label want lots of close ups of artists and these artists may find a common thing the use in their music videos.
- A relationship between music and visuals. The video reflects the music with emotions and its atmosphere throughout.
- Usually inertextual references to films, TV programmes and other music videos.
Barthes theory
describes a text as "A galaxy of signifiers, not a structure of signfieds; it has no beginning; it is reversible; we gain access to it by several entrances, none of which can be authoritavely declared to be the main one; the codes it mobilizes extend as far as he eye can read, they are interminable... the systems of meaing can take over this absolutely plural text, but their number is never closed, based as it is on the infinity of language"
What he is saying is that text is not one thing but can change by the way it is read ad how you read it. It also talks about how each text is different and how they may be linked. Text is like a ball of threads which can be unravelled and you can find several meanings in one sentence.
He also said that texts can be 'open' and 'closed'
There are five codes he says that can be in any narrative:
link to where this is from
Mulvey's theory
'Male gaze' she believes that in film and other forms of media, audiences have to view characters from the perspective of a heterosexual male.
I presents women in the males view so the camera focus on curves of the female body
It gives the women the status of an object.
This theory does have criticism as some people say some women like being 'looked' at. It ca also be used on a male to show body image or their clothing.
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